A fair six-sided die is rolled twice. What is the probability that the sum of the two rolls is 7?
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Correct answer
A. 1/6
Principle or equation
For equally likely outcomes, probability = (number of favorable outcomes) / (total number of outcomes). When rolling two dice, there are 6 × 6 = 36 equally likely outcomes.
Why this answer is correct
The favorable outcomes for a sum of 7 are (1,6), (2,5), (3,4), (4,3), (5,2), (6,1), which are 6 outcomes. Thus the probability is 6/36 = 1/6.
Example
For a sum of 5 with two dice, favorable outcomes are (1,4), (2,3), (3,2), (4,1), so probability = 4/36 = 1/9.
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