一个质量为1 kg的物体从离地面高5 m处自由下落,不计空气阻力,重力加速度取10 m/s²。求物体落地时的动能。
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Correct answer
D. 50 J
Principle or equation
机械能守恒定律:自由下落过程中,只有重力做功,机械能守恒。落地时动能等于初始重力势能,Ek = mgh。
Why this answer is correct
初始动能为零,重力势能 Ep = mgh = 1×10×5 = 50 J。落地时重力势能为零,动能等于初始重力势能,即 Ek = 50 J。
Example
若质量为2 kg,高度为10 m,则落地动能 = 2×10×10 = 200 J。
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