某实验测量了不同压强下某气体的体积,数据如下:压强 p(kPa): 100, 200, 300, 400;体积 V(L): 2.0, 1.0, 0.67, 0.50。根据这些数据,该气体在压强为 500 kPa 时的体积最接近多少?
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Correct answer
A. 0.40 L
Principle or equation
在温度不变时,一定质量的气体遵循玻意耳定律:p₁V₁ = p₂V₂,即体积与压强成反比。
Why this answer is correct
由数据可知 pV 近似常数:100×2.0=200,200×1.0=200,300×0.67≈200,400×0.50=200。因此 500×V=200,解得 V=0.40 L。
Example
p₁=100 kPa, V₁=2.0 L,则 p₂=500 kPa 时 V₂=100×2.0/500=0.40 L。
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