在温度为 300 K、压强为 1.0 × 10^5 Pa 时,某气体的体积为 3.0 L。若温度升高到 360 K,压强变为 1.2 × 10^5 Pa,则该气体的体积变为多少?
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Correct answer
B. 3.0 L
Principle or equation
理想气体状态方程 PV = nRT,当物质的量不变时,有 P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2。
Why this answer is correct
根据理想气体状态方程,物质的量不变时,P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2。代入数据:1.0×10^5 × 3.0 / 300 = 1.2×10^5 × V2 / 360。解得 V2 = 3.0 L。
Example
例如,在 T1=300 K、P1=1 atm、V1=2 L 时,若 T2=600 K、P2=2 atm,则 V2 = P1V1T2/(T1P2) = 1×2×600/(300×2) = 2 L。
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